Reproductive immunology represents a new and rapidly expanding field in human reproduction, of exceptional importance for achieving pregnancy and ensuring its healthy progression.
It studies the way in which immunological factors participate in reproduction and is of particular importance in cases of recurrent implantation failure following in vitro fertilization (IVF) and recurrent pregnancy loss. A central question in reproductive immunology is how the embryo, which is genetically and biologically different from the mother, is protected and avoids rejection by the maternal immune system.
The subject of study includes the overexpression or underexpression of immunological mechanisms and autoantibodies, both in the blood and in tissues such as the endometrium.